Maruba Pandiangan, Dewi Restuana Sihombing, Connie Daniela Simbolon, Sanggam Dera Rosa Tampubolon, Apul Sitohang, Jansen Silalahi, Jamaran Kaban, Wiyanti Fransisca Simanullang
Nutritionally balanced diets required animal proteins which are obtained in both marine fish and freshwater fish. Chemical constituents obtained in freshwater fish are especially high in protein and rich in healthy lipids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), the essential fatty acids, for example, are responsible for central nervous system function, play important roles in inflammatory responses and immune system, significant for structural components of cell membranes, and heredity. Indonesia is known as one of Asia's greatest freshwater fish producers, and North Sumatera, a part of Indonesia's mainland, is one of the biggest in the country. Cyprinus carpio and Indonesian snakehead fish (Channa striata) are common freshwater products consumed in daily life and in the traditional ceremonies of the biggest population called Bataknese. The results showed that for saturated fatty acid (SFA), palmitic acid (C16:0) was dominant for goldfish and snakehead fish, which are about 31.8% and 42.7%, respectively. In addition, oleic acid (C18:1) was the largest monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), more than 45% for goldfish and around 26% for snakehead fish. In contrast, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) of PUFA are found to be higher in snakehead fish oil than in goldfish, which indicates a rich amount of nutrients. Furthermore, the fatty acid distributions are more in the sn-2 position in both goldfish and snakehead fish. The fatty acids content and distribution in this study were determined by enzymatic hydrolysis of extracted fish oil followed by esterification. The individual percentage of fatty acid was quantified using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). ©2024 The author(s).
Program Study of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural, Universitas Katolik Santo Thomas, Medan, 20132, Indonesia; Program Study of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Program Study of Chemistry Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia; Research Center for Chemistry, National Research and Innovation Agency, Jakarta, 10340, Indonesia